Development of HOTS-Based Student Worksheets on Trigonometry material in Improving Problem Solving Ability

: One of the impacts of the Covid 19 pandemic is that learning is carried out online so that applications have sprung up to help students solve math problems, as a result students' problem-solving skills are reduced. In addition, the Student Worksheets that has been used so far only contains routine questions, not HOTS questions. For this reason, it is necessary to develop HOTS-based worksheets to improve problem solving abilities. The purpose of this study was to describe the process of developing valid, practical and effective HOTS-based worksheets on Trigonometry material in improving problem solving skills for class X SMKN 3 Boyolangu Tulungagung. This research is research and development called Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE development model which includes analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Sampling used purposive sampling method and the 2 classes selected were Class X Electronics Engineering 4 as the experimental class and Class X Automotive Engineering 4 as the control class. Based on the results of the validator, the responses of educators and students, the results of the research in the form of HOTS-based worksheets on Trigonometry for class X developed using the ADDIE development model were declared valid, practical, effective in improving problem solving skills

Problem solving ability is the ability or potential possessed by students in solving problems and applying them in everyday life. (Gunantara1 et al., 2014). Problem solving ability is the ability that students have in understanding problems, planning ways of solving them, carrying out problem solving plans and interpreting or checking the results. This problem-solving ability is also often used in solving problems in vocational schools, because it relates to its application in workshops as happened at SMKN 3 Boyolangu Tulungagung. To see how much problem-solving ability students have, the researcher conducted an initial test The results of the initial test are that students have not shown an understanding of the problem, because they have not been able to identify the elements that are known, what is asked and other elements that are needed, students have not been able to formulate problems into mathematical models, students have not been able to develop problem-solving strategies (Faturahman, 2015), so they are still not able to come up with what formulas can be used in solving problems, and students are also not able to explain the truth of the answers they get Based on the facts above, it can be seen that students' problem-solving abilities are still low. For this reason, educators must be able to overcome these problems, one of which is by using HOTS-based Student Worksheets (Purwasi1 & Fitiyana2, 2020) The existing Student Worksheets only contains routine questions (Putri, 2018), namely ordinary practice questions that can be solved with procedures learned in class. Questions of this type are widely found in textbooks and are intended only to train students to use the procedures being studied in class. For this reason, it is necessary to develop worksheets that contain non-routine questions, which are more commonly known as HOTS questions. This Student Worksheets is expected to be able to improve students' high-level thinking skills and train students to get used to working on HOTS questions. (Fikin, 2019).
The development of HOTS-based Student Worksheets is not only to find out if it is appropriate or not to be used as teaching materials in learning, but Student Worksheets that is valid, practical and effective for learning. This Student Worksheets is also used to improve students' problemsolving abilities.
The purpose of this study is how the process of developing HOTS-based worksheets on Trigonometry material is valid, practical and effective in improving problem solving skills for class X SMKN 3 Boyolangu Tulungagung.

METHOD
The type of research used by researchers is research and development called Research and Development (R&D) with the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation (ADDIE) development model which is a procedural model. which is descriptive in showing the steps that must be followed to produce a product. There are five stages in the ADDIE development model, namely (a) Analysis, (b) Design, (c) Development, (d) Implementation and (e) Evaluation. The product produced in this research and development is a HOTS-based Student Worksheet. The products that have been produced are analyzed and tested for their validity, practicality and effectiveness.

Analysis of Data Validation Results
The results of this validation data are data validated by two mathematics study program lecturers, namely Dr. Umm Sholihah, S.Pd., M. Si and Dr. Syaiful Nurul Hidayah, et al (Development of HOTS-Based Student Worksheets)  Overall average: : 3,23 Based on the results of the material expert's assessment of HOTS-based Student Worksheets in class X Trigonometry material, the average obtained was 3.23, the average obtained from the development of Student Worksheets was said to be valid.

b. Data Analysis of HOTS-Based Student Worksheets Design and Media Expert
Validation Results on Trigonometry material Based on the results of the design and media expert's assessment of HOTS-based Student Worksheets on Trigonometry material for class X TE SMKN 3 Boyolangu, the average obtained was 3.26, the average obtained from the development of Student Worksheets was said to be valid.

Practicality Data Analysis
The practicality of Student Worksheets data is measured based on data from observations of the implementation of HOTS-based Student Worksheets development on Trigonometry material. The observation questionnaire on the implementation of HOTS-based Student Worksheets on Trigonometry material, which was carried out by 3 (three) observers who are Mathematics educators at SMKN 3 Boyolangu Tulungagung. The three educators are Drs. Pujiono, M. Pd, Eni Sariastuti, S. Pd and Sri Prabandari, S. Pd Table 3 3  3  3  3  3  3  3  3 Overall average: 3,4 Based on the results of the observer's assessment of HOTS-based Student Worksheets on Trigonometry material for class X TE 4 SMKN 3 Boyolangu, the average obtained was 3.4, the average obtained from the development of Student Worksheets was said to be practical to use.

Effectiveness Data Analysis
The effectiveness of Student Worksheets is seen from three aspects, namely the response of educators and students to Student Worksheets and the results of the material mastery test. Based on the results of assessing educator responses to HOTS-based Student Worksheets on Trigonometry material for class X TE SMKN 3 Boyolangu, the average obtained was 3.67, the average obtained from the development of Student Worksheets was said to be used effectively. b. Data Analysis Results of Student Response Questionnaire Sheet Validation on HOTS-Based Student Worksheets Development on Trigonometry material The use of this Student Worksheets was carried out 7 meetings so that the student response questionnaire was given at the last meeting. Overall average: 3,23 Based on the results of assessing students' responses to HOTS-based Student Worksheets on Trigonometry material for class X TE SMKN 3 Boyolangu, the average obtained was 3.23, the average obtained from the development of Student Worksheets was said to be effective in improving problem solving abilities.
In this study, there were two different classes with different treatments. The first class of treatment in class learning uses HOTS-based Student Worksheets which has been developed and is referred to as the experimental class while the other class does not use Student Worksheets which has been developed and is referred to as the control class. The data used is data on the results of the material mastery test. Data from the test results from the 2 classes were then tested, namely the homogeneity test and the t-test.

Homogeneous Test
The data used for this homogeneous test are the Mid Semester Deuteronomy scores from the two classes. This value is the value obtained by students before getting Trigonometry material. Mid Semester Deuteronomy Scores are used in the Homogeneity Test of class X Electronic Engineering 4 and X Automotive Engineering 4.
In calculating this homogeneous test, the researcher used the SPSS application with the following results.
Based on the table above, it can be seen from the significant value (p) ≥ 0.05 both in the calculation of the Test of Homogeneity of variances and ANOVA so that it can be concluded that the two classes come from populations that have the same (homogeneous) variance.. The material mastery test questions that have been validated are then tested in class X TE 4 with a total of 38 students at the last face-to-face meeting. The Minimum Completeness Criteria value set is 70, so that out of 38 students there are 7 scores that are under the Minimum Completeness Criteria, namely 63, 65, 65, 65, 68, 68, 68, while the others are above or equal to the Completeness Criteria At a minimum. Thus the classical completeness is 81.6%, this means that classically it can be said to be complete and the level of mastery of the material is high, so it can be concluded that the Student Worksheets developed are effectively used in improving problem solving abilities in Trigonometry material.

Test t-test
The t-test was carried out using post-test data from the experimental class and the control class. Calculation of the t-test, the researchers used the SPSS application with the following results. Based on the table above, it can be seen at the significance value (2-tailed) = 0.000 <0.05 so it can be concluded that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Thus there is a significant difference between the learning outcomes of students who apply Student Worksheets based on HOTS and the learning outcomes of students who do not use Student Worksheets. This proves that the use of HOTS-based Student Worksheets in Trigonometry material can effectively improve problem solving abilities in class X students.

B. Product Revision
The HOTS-based Student Worksheets developed in this study are said to be valid, practical and effective with several revisions. These revisions were made based on comments or suggestions provided by expert subjects and trial subjects. Changes based on comments or suggestions as follows:

Cover is less attractive
The cover is already interesting

C. Discussion of Development Results
This research begins by analyzing problems in the process of learning mathematics by making observations about the process of learning mathematics, methods and media that are suitable for learning mathematics.

Development of HOTS-Based Student Worksheets
The development of HOTS-based Student Worksheets was raised from problems including the results of the PISA which was held on December 3 2019, Indonesia was number 74 out of 79 countries (Edra, 2021). and the existence of the Covid 19 pandemic which has made learning activities carried out online (Hendayana, 2021) so that students' problem solving abilities are reduced, especially in Mathematics lessons. Another impact of the pandemic is the emergence of applications to help students solve math problems. (Ayunda Pininta Kasih, 2021) Based on observations made by researchers, the Student Worksheets that students have used so far are still routine so that students are not used to solving problems. For this reason, HOTS-based Student Worksheets are needed to improve problem solving abilities. The HOTS-based Student Worksheets development is carried out according to the ADDIE development stage (Cahyadi*, 2019). The ADDIE stage includes five stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation.
The analysis phase used is literature study and field study. From the results of the literature study, it was found that many books in the library were still abandoned because they were not used, while the results of the field study obtained mathematics learning using Student Worksheets which only contained routine questions. From the results of the material analysis, information was obtained that trigonometry was not well understood by learners. At the design or planning stage, it is carried out by making plans for the development of Student Worksheets for the subject of trigonometry, namely determining the title, draft Student Worksheets, the number of learning activities and content presentation in Student Worksheets. In the development or product development stage, the researcher develops Student Worksheets based on the draft that was made before. Then carried out in the product validation stage by material experts, design experts and media. At the implementation stage, a product assessment is carried out through teacher and student response sheets. The evaluation phase aims to measure the validity, practicality and effectiveness of the developed Student Worksheets. The validation test was carried out using a validation sheet carried out by two expert lecturers.

Validity
The validation test was carried out using a validation sheet (Agustarina, 2019) which was carried out by two expert lecturers. The first revision was carried out after the HOTS-based mathematics learning product (Annisa Nur Faiqoh, Sony Irianto, 2019) was validated by two expert lecturers. According to expert lecturers, in general Student Worksheets are good, there are only a few revisions, namely regarding grammar, and ways of solving problems (Faturahman, 2015) which are not in accordance with the research title. Based on the analysis of validation data by two expert lecturers, the overall average score is 3.28 so that it can be stated that the development of HOTS-based Student Worksheets on Trigonometry material is valid to use.

Practicality
Practicality (Firmansyah & Rusimamto, 2020) in Student Worksheets development research to measure the level of practicality seen from whether educators (and other experts) consider that the material is easy and can be used by educators and students. Data on the practicality of Student Worksheets were measured based on data from observations of the implementation of the HOTSbased Student Worksheets development in Trigonometry material (Karmina et al, 2008). The observation questionnaire on the implementation of Student Worksheets development was carried out by 3 observers and obtained an average score for each aspect of the assessment was 3.4 so that it can be said that the development of HOTSbased Student Worksheets on Trigonometry material was practically used.

Effectiveness
Effectiveness (Asfar1 & Syarif Nur, 2019) in development research measures the level of effectiveness seen from the level of appreciation of students in studying the program and the desire of students to continue using the program. The effectiveness of Student Worksheets can be seen from three aspects, namely the results of tests of mastery of the material, the responses of educators and students' responses to Student Worksheets. Post-test results data obtained by students in the experimental class successfully completed classically with an achievement of 81.6%, so that the level of mastery of the material is said to be high. Based on the analysis of the data from the questionnaire results of educators and students' responses to the development of HOTS-based Student Worksheets on Trigonometry material, the overall average score was 3.32, so it can be said that the development of HOTS-based Student Worksheets on Trigonometry material is effectively used in improving problem-solving skills. learners.

CONCLUSION.
HOTS-based Student Worksheets on class X Trigonometry material was developed with the ADDIE development model. which consists of five stages which include analysis (analysis), design (design), development (development), implementation (implementation), and evaluation (evaluation). All of these stages have been carried out properly. Student Worksheets based on HOTS which was developed on Trigonometry material was validated by two lecturers at UIN SATU Tulungagung and obtained an average score of 3.28 so that it can be said that the development of Student Worksheets is valid. The practicality of the Student Worksheets development results based on the results of the Student Worksheets implementation data from three mathematics teachers, obtained an average score of 3.4 so that it can be said that the Student Worksheets developed are practically used. The effectiveness of the Student Worksheets development results is based on the responses of educators and students who get an average score of 3.43 so that it can be said that the Student Worksheets developed are effective in improving problem solving abilities.
Based on the description above, it can be concluded as a whole that HOTSbased Student Worksheets developed on Trigonometry material are valid, practical and effective in improving the problem solving abilities of class X students at SMKN 3 Boyolangu, Tulungagung